APA
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Vaughan-Hirsch, J., Tallerday, E. J., Burr, C. A., Hodgens, C., Boeshore, S. L., Beaver, K., … Kieber, J. (2021). The function of the pseudo phosphotransfer proteins has diverged between rice and Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal.
Chicago/Turabian
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Vaughan-Hirsch, John, Emily J Tallerday, Christian A. Burr, Charles Hodgens, Samantha Louise Boeshore, Kevin Beaver, Allison Melling, et al. “The Function of the Pseudo Phosphotransfer Proteins Has Diverged between Rice and Arabidopsis.” The Plant Journal (2021).
MLA
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Vaughan-Hirsch, John, et al. “The Function of the Pseudo Phosphotransfer Proteins Has Diverged between Rice and Arabidopsis.” The Plant Journal, 2021.
BibTeX Click to copy
@article{john2021a,
title = {The function of the pseudo phosphotransfer proteins has diverged between rice and Arabidopsis.},
year = {2021},
journal = {The Plant Journal},
author = {Vaughan-Hirsch, John and Tallerday, Emily J and Burr, Christian A. and Hodgens, Charles and Boeshore, Samantha Louise and Beaver, Kevin and Melling, Allison and Sari, Kartika and Kerr, I. and Šimura, Jan and Ljung, K. and Xu, Dawei and Liang, W. and Bhosale, R. and Schaller, G. and Bishopp, Anthony and Kieber, J.}
}
The phytohormone cytokinin plays a significant role in nearly all aspects of plant growth and development. Cytokinin signaling has primarily been studied in the dicot model Arabidopsis, with relatively little work done in monocots, which include rice (Oryza sativa) and other cereals of agronomic importance. The cytokinin signaling pathway is a phosphorelay comprised of the histidine kinase receptors (HKs), the authentic histidine phosphotransfer proteins (AHPs), and the type-B Response Regulators (RRs). Two negative regulators of cytokinin signaling have been identified: the type-A RRs, which are cytokinin primary response genes, and the pseudo histidine phosphotransfer proteins (PHPs), which lack the His residue required for phosphorelay. Here, we describe the role of the rice PHP genes. Phylogenic analysis indicates that the PHPs are generally first found in the genomes of gymnosperms and that they arose independently in monocots and dicots. Consistent with this, the three rice PHPs fail to complement an Arabidopsis php mutant (aphp1/ahp6). Disruption of the three rice PHPs results in a molecular phenotype consistent with these elements acting as negative regulators of cytokinin signaling, including the induction of a number of type-A RR and cytokinin oxidase genes. The triple php mutant affects multiple aspects of rice growth and development, including shoot morphology, panicle architecture and seed fill. In contrast to Arabidopsis, disruption of the rice PHPs does not affect root vascular patterning, suggesting that while many aspects of key signaling networks are conserved between monocots and dicots, the roles of at least some cytokinin signaling elements are distinct.
